小菱形筋 ( しょうりょうけいきん、英:rhomboid minor muscle )
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・ イラスト |
・ 神経 / 脈管 |
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・ 直下には 大菱形筋 が位置するが、その境界は区別できないこともある。
・ 「 船戸和也HP 」 には以下のような解説文が見られる。
「 両筋 ( 大・小菱形筋 ) の境を血管が貫通している。」
【 停 止 】 : 肩甲骨 の内側縁の上部 ( 上角より下方 )
肩甲骨を内転、挙上、下方へ回旋させる。
・ 神 経 : 肩甲背神経 (C4,C5,C6)
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Located inferior to levator scapulae and superior to rhomboid major, it acts together with the latter to keep the scapula pressed against the thoracic wall. It lies deep to trapezius but superficial to the long spinal muscles.[1]
【 Origin and insertion 】
The rhomboid minor arises from the inferior border of the nuchal ligament, from the spinous processes of the seventh cervical and first thoracic vertebrae, and from the intervening supraspinous ligaments.[1]
It is inserted into a small area of the medial border of the scapula at the level of the scapular spine.[2]
【 Action 】
Together with the rhomboid major, the rhomboid minor retracts the scapula when trapezius is contracted. Acting as a synergist to the trapezius, the rhomboid major and minor elevate the medial border of the scapula medially and upward, working in tandem with the levator scapulae muscle to rotate the scapulae downward. While other shoulder muscles are active, the rhomboid major and minor stabilize the scapula. [3]
【 Innervation and blood supply 】
The nerve supply comes from the dorsal scapular nerve, with most of its fibers derived from the C5 nerve root and only minor contribution from C4 or C6. [4]
The rhomboid minor gets its arterial blood supply from the dorsal scapular artery.
【 Variation 】
It is usually separated from the rhomboid major by a slight interval, but the adjacent margins of the two muscles are occasionally united. [5]
【 語 句 】
・ levator scapulae : 肩甲挙筋 ・ thoracic wall : 胸壁 ・ trapezius : 僧帽筋 ・ nuchal ligament : 項靭帯 ・ spinous processes : 棘突起 ・ thoracic vertebrae : 胸椎 ・ supraspinous ligaments : 棘上靭帯 ・ scapular spine : 肩甲棘 ・ retract : 引っ込ませる ・ be contracted : 収縮する ・ dorsal scapular nerve : 肩甲背神経