小後頭直筋 ( しょうこうとうちょくきん、 英 : rectus capitis posterior minor muscle )
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・ 起始 / 停止 |
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・ 「 異常 : 大および小後頭直筋の間に 中間後頭直筋 が現れることがある。 」 ( 日本人体解剖学 )
※ Wikipediaでは「停止」として上記の外に 大後頭孔 (foramen magnum ) や脊髄の 硬膜 (dura matter) を
挙げている。
頭を後方に引き、一側が働くと収縮した筋と同じ側に回転する。
・ 神 経 : 後頭下神経 ( 第1頸神経 、後枝 ) ( C1 )
・ 脈 管 :
The rectus capitis posterior minor (or rectus capitis posticus minor, both being Latin for lesser posterior straight muscle of the head ) arises by a narrow pointed tendon from the tubercle on the posterior arch of the atlas, and, widening as it ascends, is inserted into the medial part of the inferior nuchal line of the occipital bone and the surface between it and the foramen magnum, and also takes some attachment to the spinal dura mater.
The synergists are the rectus capitis posterior major and obliquus capitis.
Connective tissue bridges were noted at the atlanto-occipital joint between the rectus capitis posterior minor muscle and the dorsal spinal dura. Similar connective tissue connections of the rectus capitis posterior major have been reported recently as well.[1] The perpendicular arrangement of these fibers appears to restrict dural movement toward the spinal cord. The ligamentum nuchae was found to be continuous with the posterior cervical spinal dura and the lateral portion of the occipital bone. Anatomic structures innervated by cervical nerves C1-C3 have the potential to cause headache pain. Included are the joint complexes of the upper three cervical segments, the dura mater, and spinal cord.
The dura-muscular, dura-ligamentous connections in the upper cervical spine and occipital areas may provide anatomic and physiologic answers to the cause of the cervicogenic headache. This proposal would further explain manipulation's efficacy in the treatment of cervicogenic headache.[2]
【 語 句 】
・ tubercle : 結節 ・ posterior arch of the atlas : 環椎の後弓 ・ inferior nuchal line :下項線 ・ foramen magnum : 大後頭孔 ・ dura mater : 硬膜 ・ synergist : 協力筋 ・ rectus capitis posterior major : 大後頭直筋 ・ obliquus capitis : 頭斜筋? ・ atlanto-occipital joint : 環椎後頭関節 ・ perpendicular : 垂直の ・ ligamentum nuchae : 項靭帯 ・ cervical nerves : 頚神経 ・ physiologic : 生理学的な ・ cervicogenic headache .: 外傷後頭痛