仙棘靭帯とは
以下は「船戸和弥のホームページ」の解説文となる。
「仙棘靱帯は坐骨棘から起こり、仙結節靱帯の前面でこれと交叉して内後方に進み、やや拡がって仙骨下部および尾骨の側縁につく。骨盤の後外側の、仙骨と寛骨の間に出来る大きな仙坐切痕は、後下方から仙結節靱帯によって閉ざされて上下に長い孔となり、これは仙棘靱帯によって上方の大坐骨切痕を含む大坐骨孔と、下方の小坐骨切痕を含む小坐骨孔とに分かれる。」
また、以下は「Wikipedia」の解説文となる。
「The sacrospinous ligament (small or anterior sacrosciatic ligament) is a thin, triangular ligament in the human pelvis. The base of the ligament is attached to the outer edge of the sacrum and coccyx, and the tip of the ligament attaches to the spine of the ischium, a bone in the human pelvis. Its fibres are intermingled with the sacrotuberous ligament.
Structure：The sacrotuberous ligament passes behind the sacrospinous ligament. In its entire length it covers the equally triangular coccygeus muscle, to which its closely connected.[1]
Function：The presence of the ligament in the greater sciatic notch creates an opening (foramen]), the greater sciatic foramen, and also converts the lesser sciatic notch into the lesser sciatic foramen.[2] The greater sciatic foramen lies above the ligament, and the lesser sciatic foramen lies below it.
The pudendal vessels and nerve pass behind the sacrospinous ligament directly medially and inferiorly to the ischial spine. The inferior gluteal artery, from a branch of the internal iliac artery, pass behind the sciatic nerve and the sacrospinous ligament and is left uncovered in a small opening above the top of the sacrospinous ligament. The coccygeal branch of the inferior gluteal artery passes behind the mid-portion of the sacrospinous ligament and pierces the sacrotuberous ligament at multiple locations. The main body of the inferior gluteal artery leaves the pelvis posteriorly to the upper border of the sacrospinous ligament, to follow the inferior portion of the sciatic nerve out of the greater sciatic foramen.[3]
The main function of the ligament is to prevent rotation of the ilium past the sacrum. Laxity of this ligament and the sacrotuberous ligament allows this rotation to occur. Stresses to these ligaments occur most often when leaning forward or getting out of a chair.[citation needed] 」
