・英語版の「Wikipedia」の解説にも見られるように「声帯ヒダ=声帯」と考えてよいと思われる。
In humans, the vocal cords, also known as vocal folds, are folds of throat tissues
つまり、声帯ヒダは「声門」の構成要素の一つとなる。
・他の資料では声帯ヒダの構成要素して声帯靭帯および声帯筋の2つを挙げているケースが多いが
弾性円錐(場合によっては斜披裂筋も?)などもその構成要素の一つと成りえると思われる。
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前提/声帯ヒダ
(冠状断面)
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「日本人体解剖学」には以下のような解説文が見られる。
生体では、声帯ヒダは比較的白く見えるが、その前端部、また軟骨部はともに弾性線維に富む種子軟骨ならびに披裂軟骨の声帯突起のためにやや黄色味を帯びる(それぞれ前黄斑と後黄斑)。
以下は「Wikipedia」の解説文となる。
In humans, the vocal cords, also known as vocal folds, are folds of throat tissues that are key in creating sounds through vocalization. The size of vocal cords affects the pitch of voice. Open when breathing and vibrating for speech or singing, the folds are controlled via the recurrent laryngeal branch of the vagus nerve. They are composed of twin infoldings of mucous membrane stretched horizontally, from back to front, across the larynx. They vibrate, modulating the flow of air being expelled from the lungs during phonation.
【語句】
・fold:ヒダ ・affect:影響を与える ・recurrent larygeal branch:反回神経 ・vagus nerve:迷走神経 ・mucous membrane:粘膜 ・larynx:喉頭 ・modulate:調節する ・expell:吐き出す
The 'true vocal cords' are distinguished from the 'false vocal folds', known as vestibular folds or ventricular folds, which sit slightly superior to the more delicate true folds. These have a minimal role in normal phonation, but can produce deep sonorous tones, screams and growls.
The length of the vocal fold at birth is approximately six to eight millimeters and grows to its adult length of eight to sixteen millimeters by adolescence. DHT, an androgen metabolite of testosterone which is secreted by the gonads, causes changes in the cartilages and musculature of the larynx when present in high enough concentrations, such as during an adolescent boy's puberty: The thyroid prominence appears, the vocal folds lengthen and become rounded, and the epithelium thickens with the formation of three distinct layers in the lamina propria.[citation needed]. These changes are only partially reversible via reconstructive surgery such as Chondrolaryngoplasty, Feminization laryngoplasty, and laser tuning of the vocal cords.
【語句】
・true vocal cords:真声帯 ・false vocal folds: ・vestibular folds:前庭ヒダ ・ventricular folds:仮声帯 ・phonation:発声 ・sonorous:響き渡る ・adolescence:思春期 ・DHT:Dihydrotestosterone
(ジヒドロテストステロン)・gonad:生殖腺 ・musculature:筋系 ・adolescent:青年期の ・puberty:思春期 ・thyroid prominence:甲状腺隆起 ・epithelium:上皮 ・lamina propria: ・reconstructive surgery:再建外科 ・Chondrolaryngoplasty:気管剃り ・laryngoplasty,:喉頭形成術
Structure
Location
The vocal folds are located within the larynx at the top of the trachea. They are attached at the back to the arytenoid cartilages, and at the front to the thyroid cartilage via Broyles ligament. They are part of the glottis. Their outer edges are attached to muscle in the larynx while their inner edges form an opening called the rima glottidis. They are constructed from epithelium, but they have a few muscle-fibres in them, namely the vocalis muscle which tightens the front part of the ligament near to the thyroid cartilage. They are flat triangular bands and are pearly white in color. Above both sides of the glottis are the two vestibular folds or false vocal folds which have a small sac between them.
【語句】
・arytenoid cartilage: ・thyroid cartilage: ・Broyles ligament: ・glottis:声門 ・rima glottidis:声門裂 ・vocalis muscle:声門筋 ・pearly:真珠のような ・sac:嚢
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